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روان شناسی و مشاوره::
نظریه دلبستگی
Psychodynamic Theories and Theories of Attachment
Bowlby and evolution: Bowlby (1908-1990) developed his theory of attachment based on sev- eral influential sources, including Darwin's theory of evolution and adaptation, and Freud's emphasis on early influences in the formation of personality, and cognitive structures (inter- nal working models that provided the prototype for future relationships).
From an evolutionary perspective, Bowlby's theory of attachment was also influenced by studies of early patterns of animal adaptation that emphasized the need to maintain proximity to the attachment figure, most notably, Lorenz's studies of imprinting in baby birds (early fol- lowing behavior of chicks to an adult to ensure the baby will be fed and protected), and Harlow's studies of rhesus monkeys.
Psychodynamic/theories of attachment focus on internal drives and unconscious motives in underlying psychopathology and have increased our awareness of the role of defense mechanisms in protecting the ego.
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